Immigration is defined as "to enter and usually
become established; specially to come into a country of which one is not a
native for permanent residence."
The main reason behind immigration is the search for
better living and working environment, when compared to the native countries of
the individuals. In addition to this is massive poverty leading to high
fertility, unemployment and low wages. Also, high population puts pressure on
the educational and the health facilities.
To overcome these factors,
immigrants migrate in the hope for better lifestyle and income opportunities.
Also, some of the necessities such as electricity, water, educational and
medical facilities are available in abundance.
With these are the established
system and an efficient organizational set up that ensures multiple
opportunities on the professional front for a migrant. Other factors include
weather and environmental conditions such as clean, hygienic and a pollution
free state.
Immigration also happens due to political insecurity,
prosecution and bad governance. Human rights such as the freedom of speech and
the right to vote and elect the Government and political leaders as well as the
freedom from Corruption are some of the key factors as well.
Finally, people migrate from countries that encourage
ethnic, religious and gender prosecution and discrimination. The decision on immigration destinations by a prospective immigrant is based on many
factors:
Better quality of life as regards social security
benefits vis-à-vis medical, educational with strong infrastructural including
abundant power and water backup.
Freedom of speech and freedom from corruption.
Freedom from human rights abuse.
Political freedom
Freedom from discrimination on gender, ethnic and
religious grounds
Family reunification
While the above points are the major motivating
factors for immigration. Moreover, different countries have their own specified set of
rules and regulations to select the prospective migrants. The most popular
criterion is the Points Based System (PBS). The countries accepting immigrants
against the Point Based System include Canada, Australia, UK, New Zealand and
Denmark.
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